Pain Test | N | Pre M (SD) | Post M (SD) | Mean Difference | Delta (95% CI) | t | p |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pain | |||||||
 VAS (start of session) | 68 | 4.5 (2.1) | 3.8 (1.9) | 15.1 | 0.7 (0.3, 1.04) | 3.7 |  < 0.001 |
 VAS (end of session) | 66 | 4.1 (1.7) | 3.6 (1.9) | 11.5 | 0.5 (0.1, 0.8) | 2.8 | 0.007 |
 Delta VAS (In session) | 67 | 0.20 (0.7) | -0.02 (0.5) | 110.0 | 0.2 (0.03, 0.4) | 2.3 | 0.02 |
Range of Movement | |||||||
 Flexion left | 11 | 164.0 (24.4) | 166.0 (17.5) | 1.2 | -1.6 (-21.9, 18.7) | -0.2 | 0.87 |
 Flexion right | 11 | 164.0 (25.0) | 167.0 (17.7) | 1.8 | -2.7 (-23.4, 18.1) | -0.3 | 0.78 |
 Abduction left | 10 | 183.0 (24.4) | 187.0 (32.5) | 2.2 | -4.1 (-29.8, 21.6) | -0.4 | 0.73 |
 Abduction right | 11 | 174.0 (37.1) | 192.0 (29.6) | 10.3 | -17.9 (-47.2, 11.3) | -1.4 | 0.20 |
 Horizontal abduction left | 10 | 75.1 (32.8) | 85.6 (16.3) | 13.9 | -10.4 (-31.3, 10.4) | -1.1 | 0.29 |
 Horizontal abduction right | 9 | 81.6 (29.0) | 92.2 (29.0) | 12.9 | -10.5 (-39.5, 18.4) | -0.8 | 0.43 |
Quality of movement | |||||||
 Left hand | 80 | 72.4 (12.0) | 72.3 (11.3) | 0.1 | 0.2 (-2.5, 2.9) | 0.1 | 0.91 |
 Right hand | 80 | 72.4 (12.4) | 73.4 (10.7) | 1.4 | -1.0 (-3.9, 1.9) | -0.7 | 0.49 |
 Average | 81 | 70.8 (11.0) | 72.7 (10.4) | 2.7 | -1.9 (-4.6, 0.9) | -1.4 | 0.18 |
 Peak velocity left hand | 78 | 1.8 (0.6) | 1.9 (0.6) | 5.6 | -0.1 (-0.2, 0.04) | -1.4 | 0.16 |
 Peak velocity right hand | 78 | 1.9 (0.7) | 1.9 (0.6) | 3.2 | -0.1 (-0.2, 0.1) | -0.8 | 0.41 |
 Peak velocity average | 78 | 1.8 (0.6) | 1.9 (0.6) | 2.7 | -0.01 (-0.2, 0.1) | -0.7 | 0.49 |
 Response time left hand | 80 | 621.0 (179.0) | 489.0 (143.0) | 21.3 | 131.9 (87.8, 176.1) | 5.6 |  < 0.001 |
 Response time right hand | 79 | 603.0 (169.0) | 475.0 (130.0) | 21.2 | 127.7 (89.2, 166.3) | 6.6 |  < 0.001 |
 Response time average | 81 | 513.0 (229.0) | 393.0 (181.0) | 23.4 | 120.3 (67.1, 173.5) | 4.5 |  < 0.001 |
 Efficiency left hand | 74 | 80.9 (9.5) | 80.9 (7.5) | 0 | 0.01 (-1.9, 1.9) | .006 | 0.99 |
 Efficiency right hand | 75 | 81.3 (8.9) | 81.8 (6.4) | -0.5 | -0.5 (-2.5, 1.5) | -0.5 | 0.63 |
 Efficiency average | 75 | 80.9 (8.95) | 81.1 (6.9) | 0.6 | -0.1 (-2.1, 1.8) | -0.1 | 0.90 |
 Action time left hand | 62 | 1050.0 (256.0) | 1005.0 (218.0) | 0.3 | 44.8 (-13.9, 103.6) | 1.5 | 0.13 |
 Action time right hand | 61 | 1036.0 (256.0) | 993.0 (205.0) | 4.3 | 43.3 (-16.9, 103.4) | 1.4 | 0.16 |
 Action time average | 73 | 744.0 (520.0) | 726.0 (443.0) | 4.2 | 17.4 (-86.9, 121.8) | 0.3 | 0.74 |
 Speed | 62 | 11.6 (4.98) | 12.7 (4.7) | 2.4 | -1.1 (-2.8, 0.50) | -1.4 | 0.17 |
Neck rotation | |||||||
 ROM rotation right | 17 | 64.4 (9.42) | 70.6 (8.9) | 9.6 | 9.6 (-10.4, -1.8) | -3.0 | 0.007 |
 ROM rotation left | 16 | 65.1 (8.75) | 70.5 (10.9) | 8.3 | 8.3 (-10.6, -0.1) | -2.2 | 0.04 |
 ROM extension | 17 | 50.3 (11.4) | 54.9 (14.3) | 9.2 | 9.2 (-10.7, 1.5) | 1.6 | 0.13 |
 ROM flexion | 17 | 55.6 (9.30) | 64.5 (10.1) | 16.0 | 16.0 (-12.7, -5.1) | -4.9 |  < 0.001 |
 ROM side bending right | 15 | 32.4 (11.0) | 34.9 (15.2) | 7.7 | 7.7 (-8.2, 3.2) | -0.9 | 0.37 |
 ROM side bending left | 15 | 32.5 (12.7) | 34.8 (16.4) | 7.1 | 7.1 (-8.8, 4.2) | -0.8 | 0.46 |
 Session accuracy | 43 | 88.8 (7.4) | 92.0 (5.9) | 3.6 | 3.6 (-5.4, -1.1) | -3.0 | 0.004 |
 Session constant error | 39 | 2.6 (1.3) | 1.9 (0.6) | 26.3 | 26.3 (0.3, 1.1) | 3.5 | 0.001 |
 Final speed level | 69 | 7.5 (4.1) | 9.3 (4.8) | 23.9 | 23.9 (-3.1, -0.5) | -2.8 | 0.007 |
Memory | |||||||
 Final number of items | 35 | 3.2 (1.3) | 4.3 (1.8) | 33.7 | 33.7 (-1.6, -0.5) | -3.9 |  < 0.001 |