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Table 1 Demographic characteristics of the participants and posturographic variables at baseline

From: Can action observation modulate balance performance in healthy subjects?

 

CO

AO

BT

AOT

p

Sample size (n)

20

20

19

20

–

Age (years)

22.00

21.00a

21.00

21.50

0.03

[range]

[21–28]

[20–24]

[19–26]

[19–23]

Weight (kg)

66.50

60.00

67.00

70.00

0.59

[range]

[47–83]

[50–86]

[50–85]

[50–87]

Height (cm)

175.00

171.00

173.00

174.00

0.68

[range]

[158–190]

[159–192]

[163–193]

[160–195]

BMI (kg/cm2)

21.28

20.86

21.14

21.98

0.38

[range]

[18.82–24.78]

[19.05–26.54]

[18.81–24.72]

[17.30–26.26]

Balance measures

 CoP Sway Path Length eyes open (mm)

767.02 ± 120.37

818.19 ± 99.64

802.61 ± 77.72

766.08 ± 86.32

0.28

 CoP Sway Path Length eyes closed (mm)

1139.35 ± 226.96

1138.92 ± 593.31

1213.40 ± 219.62

1122.54 ± 252.01

0.63

 CoP Sway Area eyes open (mm2)

1945.20 ± 675.74

2180.27 ± 593.37

1947.27 ± 472.17

1885.15 ± 427.41

0.36

 CoP Sway Area eyes closed (mm2)

4343.04 ± 1742.13

4168.93 ± 1404.93

4783.75 ± 1997.22

4156.97 ± 1559.61

0.79

  1. Values are mean [range] or ± standard deviation. P values referred to Kruskal Wallis test. a = AO group is younger than CO group according to post-hoc comparisons
  2. AO action observation group, AOT action observation training (AO plus imitation) group, BT balance training group, BMI body mass index, CO control group, CoP center of pressure