Table 1 Socio-demographic characteristics of the study population (n = 310)

AGE (mean (sd))

49.83 (14.35)

SEX (%)

Male

120 (38.7)

Female

190 (61.3)

EDUCATION (%)

Elementary school

2 (0.6)

Middle school

41 (13.3)

High school

132 (42.7)

University

134 (43.4)

Not Available

1

SMOKING (%)

No

228 (73.5)

Yes

82 (26.5)

WEIGHT [Kg] (mean (sd))

69.68 (13.42)

HEIGHT [cm] (mean (sd))

169.14 (9.40)

BMI^a (mean (sd))

24.24 (3.58)

PAIN DURATION [mos] (median [IQR])

12 [6, 36]

PAIN LOCALIZATION (%)

Lumbar pain

243 (78.4)

Referred pain

67 (21.6)

DRUGS (%)

No

142 (45.8)

Yes (NSAIDs, pain killers, etc)

168 (54.2)