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Table 3 Results of primary and secondary outcomes on each assessed time point in both groups, changes (n = 10 in each group)

From: Preoperative exercise in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty: a pilot randomized controlled trial

Measure

Baseline

t-test

Preoperative

Postoperative

IG

CG

 

IG

CG

IG

CG

Mean (SD)

Min-Max

Mean (SD)

Min-Max

p

Mean (SD)

Min-Max

Mean (SD)

Min-Max

Mean (SD)

Min-Max

Mean (SD)

Min-Max

Stair Climbing Test (sec)

12.37 (3.74)

6.58–18.26

13.54 (7.35)

6.14–27.33

0.658

12.68 (5.00)

5.60–23.58

14.11 (9.19)

5.71–34.87

12.58 (4.64)

6.70–23.23

13.59 (5.30)

5.13–24.02

ROM (°)

113.30 (16.99)

90–135

120.60 (15.43)

80–135

0.328

116.70 (13.24)

95–135

116.20 (17.39) 70–134

100.50 (18.65)

60–120

103.5 (13.69)

90–128

Lysholm Score (all items)

53.50 (21.59)

26–90

59.00 (13.59)

41–84

0.504

70.70 (20.21)

30–97

54.80 (18.52)

13–83

87.10 (9.04)

72–100

69.11 (14.87)

52–96

Lysholm Score (only pain)

10.50 (7.25)

0–20

9.50 (4.38)

5–15

0.713

13.00 (10.06)

0–25

9.00 (6.15)

0–20

25.00 (0.00)

25–25

16.50 (9.14)

5–25

Tegner Activity Scale

2.50 (0.71)

1–3

2.10 (0.738)

1–3

0.232

3.10 (0.568)

2–4

2.00 (0.816)

1–3

3.80 (0.789)

3–5

2.50 (0.850)

1–4

PGIC

  

0.307

  

2.50 (2.17)

1–7

2.10 (1.45)

1–4

Length of stay in rehabilitation facility (weeks)

  

0.486

  

1.0 (1.49)

0–4

1.5 (1.64)

0–4

  1. Abbreviations: IG Intervention Group, CG Control Group, ROM Range of motion, PGIC Patients Global Impression of Change, SD Standard deviation
  2. Values given as Mean (SD) or range = Min-Max
  3. p = Independent t-test
  4. *significant p < 0.05