Table 1 Association between individual barriers and default on physiotherapy services
Crude | Adjusted | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Variable | OR (95% CI) | P-value | OR (95% CI) | P-value |
Age (years): | 0.303 | |||
<40 | Ref | |||
40–49 | 0.94 (0.32; 2.75) | |||
50–59 | 0.54 (0.19; 1.49) | |||
60–69 | 0.47 (0.16; 1.32) | |||
70+ | 0.47 (0.15; 1.47) | |||
Sex: | 0.433 | |||
Male | Ref | |||
Female | 0.80 (0.46, 1.39) | |||
Marital status: | 0.553 | |||
Married | Ref | |||
Single | 1.04(0.38, 2.84) | |||
Widowed | 0.55(0.23, 1.34) | |||
Divorced | 0.69 (0.23, 2.09) | |||
Current level of education: | 0.014* | 0.265 | ||
No education | Ref | Ref | ||
Primary | 7.50(1.31, 43.03) | 1.64(0.20,13.45) | ||
Middle/JHS | 4.02(1.01, 16.01) | 2.34(0.38,14.34) | ||
Secondary/Vocational | 1.82(0.44, 7.46) | 1.07 (0.17, 6.84) | ||
Tertiary | 4.52 (1.14,17.97) | 3.08 (0.48, 19.90) | ||
Employment status: | 0.002* | 0.007* | ||
Not employed | Ref | Ref | ||
Employed | 2.35 (1.34, 4.11) | 2.87(1.32, 6.22) | ||
Main socio-cultural barriers: | Ref | 0.380 | ||
Beliefs/spiritual treatment | 1.89(0.63,5.65) | |||
Lack of family support | 0.73(0.20,2.65) | |||
Lack of friends’ support | 0.78(0.38,1.63) | |||
People seeing me in condition | 0.67(0.33, 1.38) | |||
None | ||||
Main economic barriers: | ||||
Affordability of services | Ref | 0.418 | ||
Affordability of transport | 2.12 (0.65, 6.94) | |||
Financial dependence | 2.86 (0.93, 8.77) | |||
Hiring a caregiver | 2.74 (0.64,11.75) | |||
None | 2.40 (0.15,1.18) | |||
Medication barrier: | <0.001** | 0.876 | ||
Medication cost | Ref | Ref | ||
Adherence | 3.65 (1.67,7.95) | 1.05(0.39, 2.83) | ||
Side effects | 2.25 (1.09,4.66) | 0.70(0.25, 1.94) | ||
None | 2.74 (0.32,1.83) | 1.01(0.32, 3.17) | ||
Adherence level: | <0.001** | <0.001** | ||
Medium | Ref | Ref | ||
Low | 20.63(8.96,42.97) | 22.07(8.8, 55.37) | ||