Table 3 Relationship between self-reported clinical symptoms and clinical examination findings and likelihood of delayed outcomea
From: Clinical examination factors that predict delayed recovery in individuals with concussion
Variable (symptom) | Odd Ratio (95% confidence Interval) | P value |
|---|---|---|
Headache | 3.53 (1.08, 11.47) | 0.04 |
Dizziness | 2.14 (1.13, 4.02) | 0.02 |
Neck Pain | 0.99 (0.47, 2.01) | 0.93 |
Cognitive impairments | 2.72 (1.40, 5.28) | < 0.01 |
Photophobia | 1.10 (0.54, 2.21) | 0.79 |
Phonophobia | 1.38 (0.64, 2.98) | 0.40 |
Vision | 0.98 (0.45, 2.13) | 0.96 |
Clinical Examination - Cognitive testing | 3.52 (1.08, 11.48) | 0.04 |
Clinical Examination - Visual testing | 2.98 (1.31, 6.80) | < 0.01 |
Clinical Examination - Balance testing | 2.04 (0.86, 4.81) | 0.10 |
Clinical Examination - Vestibular testing | 4.28 (2.18, 8.43) | < 0.01 |
Clinical Examination - Cervical testing | 2.03 (0.95, 4.34) | 0.23 |